{"id":12594,"date":"2026-05-28T16:37:02","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T13:37:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/galibuti.lt\/?p=12594"},"modified":"2026-05-28T17:20:31","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T14:20:31","slug":"psichologine-trauma-kaip-atpazinti-simptomus-ir-ar-imanoma-isgyti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/galibuti.lt\/ru\/%d0%b1%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b3\/psichologine-trauma-kaip-atpazinti-simptomus-ir-ar-imanoma-isgyti\/","title":{"rendered":"Psichologin\u0117 trauma: kaip atpa\u017einti simptomus ir ar \u012fmanoma i\u0161gyti"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Psichologin\u0117 trauma: kaip atpa\u017einti simptomus ir ar \u012fmanoma i\u0161gyti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kvie\u010diame giliau pa\u017evelgti, kas yra psichologin\u0117s traumos. Kod\u0117l vieni emociniai patyrimai palieka ilgalaik\u012f p\u0117dsak\u0105, o kiti \u2013 ne? Ar \u012fmanoma traum\u0173 i\u0161vengti, ir kas padeda, kai sukre\u010dian\u010dios patirtys jau yra \u012fvykusios?<\/p>\n

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\u012e \u0161iuos ir kitus svarbius klausimus atsakym\u0173 ie\u0161kome kartu su klinikine psichologe Ingrida Bobiniene, turin\u010dia ilgamet\u0119 patirt\u012f krizi\u0173 ir traum\u0173 srityje \u2013 jos \u012f\u017evalgomis dalijam\u0117s interviu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ar lengva atpa\u017einti psichologin\u0119 traum\u0105?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Daugelis psichologin\u0119 traum\u0105 supranta kaip sukre\u010diant\u012f \u012fvyk\u012f, kuris k\u0117l\u0117 gr\u0117sm\u0119 sveikatai ar gyvybei ir turi negiamas lydin\u010dias pasekmes: dirglum\u0105, \u012ftamp\u0105, negal\u0117jim\u0105 atsipalaiduoti, besit\u0119sian\u010dius ko\u0161marus ar staiga i\u0161kylan\u010dius patyrimo vaizdus, garsus.<\/p>\n

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Ta\u010diau vis dar sunkiai pamatome raidos traumas (angl.\u00a0developmental trauma<\/em>). Tenka neretai sulaukti klient\u0173, su nerimo ar depresijos, obsesine-kompulsine simptomatika (ir diagnoz\u0117mis), padidintu noru kontroliuoti situacij\u0105 bei negal\u0117jimu atsipalaiduoti. Taip pat da\u017enai pasitaiko, kad\u00a0sukre\u010dian\u010di\u0173 patyrim\u0173 susitikim\u0173 prad\u017eioje ne\u012fvardijama, ta\u010diau terapijos eigoje i\u0161kyla vaikyst\u0117s patirtys, kurios galimai buvo patirtos kaip psichologin\u0117 trauma. Gyvenimas su gerian\u010diu t\u0117vu, depresyvia motina, smurtu \u0161eimoje, patirtys ne tik apie tai, kas buvo, bet ir tai, ko nebuvo (kai nebuvau pamatytas, atlieptas, palaikytas). Taip pat svarbu suprasti, kad tai, kas suaugusiajam gali atrodyti kaip tiesiog nemaloni patirtis, vaiko ar k\u016bdikio patyrimu gali jaustis visai kitaip. Daugyb\u0117 dabartini\u0173 suaugusi\u0173j\u0173 yra patyr\u0119 \u012fvairi\u0173 traumini\u0173 patir\u010di\u0173 vaikyst\u0117je, nors tai neretai n\u0117ra \u012fsis\u0105moninta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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O kada ateina \u012fsis\u0105moninimas? <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kai esame tam pasireng\u0119, turime pakankamai resurs\u0173 susidurti su traumine praeitimi ir esame pasireng\u0119 t\u0105 pakelti bei i\u0161 to paaugti. Kartais, deja, tokio pasirinkimo neturime ir ankstesn\u0117s traumin\u0117s patirtys i\u0161kyla patyrus dar vien\u0105 sukr\u0117tim\u0105. Tokiu atveju jau tiesiog tenka tvarkytis su tuo, kas i\u0161kilo, tada, kai i\u0161kilo.<\/p>\n

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Gaila tai, kad net ir specialistams (ypa\u010d darbo prad\u017eioje) pamatyti traumines patirtis ne visuomet pavyksta i\u0161 karto. Yra daug lengviau pasteb\u0117ti tai, kas i\u0161rai\u0161kinga pavir\u0161iuje: elgesio problemas, emocijas (nerim\u0105, depresyvum\u0105, apatij\u0105, agresij\u0105), priklausomybes. Ir tik pa\u017evelgus giliau, galima pamatyti ilg\u0105 keli\u0105 iki simptom\u0173 ar sutrikimo. Ir traumin\u0117s patirtys (neb\u016btinai, bet neretai) vaidina reik\u0161ming\u0105 vaidmen\u012f simptom\u0173 radimuisi. Tad visuomet norisi palink\u0117ti tyrin\u0117ti, o kas slypi u\u017e simptomo ar sutrikimo, kaip tie simptomai radosi, kokios j\u0173 radimosi prie\u017eastys.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ar \u012fmanoma nuo traum\u0173 i\u0161gyti?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tai neretas klausimas, su kuriuo susiduria \u0161ioje srityje dirbantys terapeutai.<\/p>\n

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Prie\u0161 atsakant \u012f \u0161\u012f klausim\u0105, b\u016bt\u0173 svarbu atskirti s\u0105vokas. Kasdiene kalba \u012f s\u0105vok\u0105 trauma neretai sumai\u0161ome du dalykus: traumin\u012f \u012fvyk\u012f (tai, kas nutiko, kaip buvo) ir psichologin\u0119 traum\u0105 \u2013 reakcij\u0105 \u012f traumin\u012f patyrim\u0105, kuri gali pereiti \u012f potrauminio streso sutrikim\u0105 (PTSS) arba ne. Paties trauminio \u012fvykio nei i\u0161vengti, nei pakeisti jau nebegalime: tai yra praeitis, kuri buvo tokia, kokia buvo. Bet k\u0105 galime pakeisti \u2013 tai, kaip m\u016bs\u0173 k\u016bnas perdirbo \u0161\u012f traumin\u012f patyrim\u0105, ir gyventi ger\u0105 gyvenim\u0105 nepriklausomai nuo to, kas yra buv\u0119. Ir \u0161ioje vietoje yra labai daug vilties. Kartais sulaukiu klausimo, ar n\u0117ra per sunku dirbti traum\u0173 srityje. Ir \u0161ioje vietoje man terapija atrodo labai reik\u0161minga ir pozityvi \u2013 nes gali keliauti tuo keliu, kai nuo \u012fvairi\u0173 simptom\u0173 prieiname prie geros ar bent geresn\u0117s savijautos. Perdirbus trauminius patyrimus, klientai neretai dalijasi, jog \u0161ie patyrimai jau\u010diasi kaip \u201eatitol\u0119, priskirtini praei\u010diai ar netrikdantys \u0161iuo metu\u201c. Tai anaiptol nerei\u0161kia, kad jie tampa pozityv\u016bs, \u2013 jokiu b\u016bdu: b\u016bna li\u016bdna, gaila, net skaudu, kad taip nutiko. Bet tie jausmai yra sveiki, ir taip nebetrikdo dabartinio gyvenimo, \u017emogus keliauja gyvenimu toliau. Ir \u0161is keliavimo toliau patyrimas yra labai geras.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ar \u012fmanoma traum\u0173 i\u0161vengti?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kiekvienas \u017emogus per vis\u0105 savo gyvenim\u0105 susiduria bent su keletu traumini\u0173 patyrim\u0173 (traumini\u0173 \u012fvyki\u0173) ir j\u0173 i\u0161vengti, deja, ne\u012fmanoma, nes ne viskas priklauso nuo m\u016bs\u0173. Ta\u010diau pats trauminis \u012fvykis jokiu b\u016bdu n\u0117ra nuosprendis: evoliucijos procese \u017emon\u0117s yra \u012fprat\u0119 patirti sunkumus, sukr\u0117timus ir dauguma m\u016bs\u0173 turi pakankamai resurs\u0173 traumas i\u0161gyventi bei jud\u0117ti toliau. Visgi norint \u0161iek tiek lengviau (be komplikacij\u0173) pereiti sukr\u0117timus, galime padaryti nema\u017eai prevencini\u0173 dalyk\u0173.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.<\/strong>\u00a0Pirma \u2013 jei suprantame, kad esame patyr\u0119 vaikyst\u0117s traumini\u0173 patir\u010di\u0173 ir turime resurs\u0173 su tuo susidurti \u0161iame gyvenimo etape (jau\u010diam\u0117s pakankamai gerai, galb\u016bt turime palaikymo) \u2013 gali b\u016bti vertinga su tuo padirb\u0117ti terapijoje. Kaip min\u0117jau anks\u010diau, kritiniai \u012fvykiai paprastai pakelia ir anks\u010diau neperdirbtus trauminius patyrimus ir neretai smogia tarsi \u201edviguba banga\u201c. Tad prevenci\u0161kai padirb\u0117j\u0119 su praeities sunkumais, tik\u0117tina, \u0161iek tiek lengviau dorosim\u0117s su ateities i\u0161\u0161\u016bkiais.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.<\/strong>\u00a0Antras svarbus prevencinis dalykas traumin\u0117ms patirtims \u201eamortizuoti\u201c \u2013 geras ry\u0161ys su kitu. Trauminio \u012fvykio i\u0161gyvenimas neretai pereina \u012f sutrikimo lyg\u012f tuomet, kai neturim (ar netur\u0117jom) \u017emogaus, su kuriuo gal\u0117\u010diau tuo pasidalinti. Kai nereikia sl\u0117pti, g\u0117dytis, laikyti visk\u0105 viduje, \u2013 tampa \u0161iek tiek ar net gerokai lengviau. Tad skirdami d\u0117mesio savo artimajam ratui visuomet save pastipriname (ne tik dabartyje, bet ir prevenci\u0161kai). Kartais ta i\u0161klausanti ausis gali b\u016bti ir terapeutas, svarbiausia, \u2013 kad a\u0161 gal\u0117\u010diau kalb\u0117ti, o kitas \u2013 i\u0161b\u016bti ir atlaikyti u\u017e mane, mane ir kartu su manimi.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.<\/strong>\u00a0Dar vienas i\u0161 pagrindini\u0173 prevencijos element\u0173 \u2013 santykis su m\u016bs\u0173 vaikais. Konstruktyvus santykis, saugus prierai\u0161umas, \u2013 stiprus pamatas ir apsauginis veiksnys traum\u0173 kontekste. T\u0117vai ne visuomet gali apsaugoti vaikus nuo traumini\u0173 \u012fvyki\u0173, ta\u010diau sukurdami saug\u0173 ry\u0161\u012f, tik\u0117tina, pad\u0117s \u0161iuos \u012fvykius perdirbti \u0161iek tiek lengviau. Tad jei savo artim\u0173j\u0173 rate turite vaik\u0173 \u2013 kurdami saug\u0173, pasitik\u0117jimu gr\u012fst\u0105 santyk\u012f kartu atliekate ir prevencin\u012f darb\u0105 ateities negandoms.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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K\u0105 daryti, jei trauma visgi \u012fvyko?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Jei nutiko trauminis \u012fvykis, svarbu kiek \u012fmanoma grei\u010diau gr\u012f\u017eti \u012f saugi\u0105 aplink\u0105, jei yra galimyb\u0117 \u2013 susitikti su artimiausiais \u017emon\u0117mis, su kuriais nor\u0117tum\u0117te b\u016bti. Pad\u0117ti sau paprastais, fiziniais dalykais (kaip \u0161iltas du\u0161as, \u0161ilta arbata, kiti jus raminantys dalykai). Pabandyti pasitelkti \u012fvairius sensorinius poj\u016b\u010dius, kurie jus ramina (skonis, kvapas, garsas, poj\u016btis). Taip pat nerekomenduojama skub\u0117ti eiti miegoti, o labiau pab\u016bti ties jus raminan\u010diais ar bent d\u0117mes\u012f nukreipian\u010diais dalykais.<\/p>\n

Svarbu suprasti, kad visi sukre\u010diant\u012f patyrim\u0105 lydintys simptomai yra normali reakcija \u012f (nenormali\u0105) kritin\u0119 situacij\u0105. Jei simptomai praeina per por\u0105 m\u0117nesi\u0173, galima galvoti, jog organizmas su traumine patirtimi tvarkosi savais (vidiniais ir i\u0161oriniais) resursais. Ta\u010diau jei simptomai itin intensyv\u016bs ar t\u0119siasi ilgesn\u012f laik\u0105, b\u016bt\u0173 svarbu kreiptis \u012f specialistus.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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K\u0105 nor\u0117tum\u0117te perduoti traum\u0105 patyrusiems \u017emon\u0117ms?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vis\u0173 pirma \u2013 kad trauminis patyrimas n\u0117ra tai, kas jus apibr\u0117\u017eia. Tai yra apie situacij\u0105, kit\u0173 \u017emoni\u0173 netinkam\u0105 elges\u012f, o kartais tiesiog apie atsitiktinum\u0105. Tad svarbu stengtis atskirti tai, kas buvo nuo to, kas esu ir kaip yra dabar.<\/p>\n

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Taip pat svarbi \u017einia \u2013 kad dauguma m\u016bs\u0173 vienokias ar kitokias traumas esame patyr\u0119 (ar dar patirsime). Kartais patyrus traum\u0105 gali atrodyti, kad tame esu vienas, kad tik man taip nutiko. Ta\u010diau svarbu i\u0161girsti, kad \u0161i patirtis \u2013 \u017emogi\u0161ka patirtis, ir daugyb\u0117 \u017emoni\u0173 susiduria su pana\u0161iais sukr\u0117timais.<\/p>\n

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Kas svarbu gerinant savijaut\u0105 po traumini\u0173 patyrim\u0173 \u2013 pad\u0117ti sau ie\u0161koti viet\u0173, veikl\u0173, \u017emoni\u0173, su kuriais, kur ir kada jau\u010diuosi ramiai, atsipalaidav\u0119s ar bent nejau\u010diu \u012ftampos. Nat\u016bralu, kad nerv\u0173 sistema intensyvius patyrimus \u201e\u012fra\u0161o\u201c \u012f m\u016bs\u0173 patirt\u012f. Evoliuciniu po\u017ei\u016briu tas tarsi tur\u0117t\u0173 pad\u0117ti i\u0161vengti galim\u0173 pana\u0161i\u0173 nutikim\u0173 ateityje. Lyg smegenys, nor\u0117damos mus apsaugoti, sakyt\u0173 \u201eb\u016bk budrus, kad gal\u0117tum sau geriau pad\u0117ti\u201c (nors konkre\u010diu atveju tai gali b\u016bti neb\u016btinai taip). Ir m\u016bs\u0173 darbas po traumini\u0173 patir\u010di\u0173 \u2013 tarsi perra\u0161yti, i\u0161 naujo priartinti save prie ramumo ir atsipalaidavimo. O b\u016bd\u0173 tam yra \u012fvairi\u0173 (ir ne tik terapija): meditacija, joga, jojimas, plaukimas, buvimas \u0161altyje, daugyb\u0117 kit\u0173 dalyk\u0173 \u2013 belieka atrasti, kas gerai veikia b\u016btent jus.<\/p>\n

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K\u0105 norisi palink\u0117ti \u2013 tai bandyti, daryti. Nes laikas, prie\u0161ingai populiariam pasakymui, \u017eaizd\u0173 visgi negydo. \u017daizdas gydo tai, kas per t\u0105 laik\u0105 vyksta ir k\u0105 mes darome su tuo laiku. O b\u016bd\u0173, mokslu gr\u012fst\u0173 terapijos metod\u0173 ir profesionali\u0173 terapeut\u0173, pasirengusi\u0173 dirbti su traumini\u0173 \u012fvyki\u0173 sukeltais simptomais i\u0161ties yra. Tad norisi palink\u0117ti imtis veiksm\u0173 ir jud\u0117ti geresn\u0117s savijautos link.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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D\u0117kojame klinikinei psichologei Ingridai Bobinienei u\u017e jautr\u0173 ir informatyv\u0173 pokalb\u012f apie psichologin\u0119 traum\u0105 ir gijimo keli\u0105.<\/p>\n

Jei norite gauti daugiau straipsni\u0173, kvietim\u0173 \u012f paskaitas ir naujien\u0173 apie psichologin\u0119 pagalb\u0105 bei psichoterapij\u0105, kvie\u010diame prenumeruoti m\u016bs\u0173 naujienlai\u0161k\u012f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrenumeruoti naujienas<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Psichologin\u0117 trauma: kaip atpa\u017einti simptomus ir ar \u012fmanoma i\u0161gyti Kvie\u010diame giliau pa\u017evelgti, kas yra psichologin\u0117s traumos. Kod\u0117l vieni emociniai patyrimai palieka ilgalaik\u012f p\u0117dsak\u0105, o kiti \u2013 ne? Ar \u012fmanoma traum\u0173 i\u0161vengti, ir kas padeda, kai sukre\u010dian\u010dios patirtys jau yra \u012fvykusios? \u00a0 \u012e \u0161iuos ir kitus…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-be-kategorijos"],"yoast_head":"\nPsichologin\u0117 trauma: kaip atpa\u017einti simptomus ir ar \u012fmanoma i\u0161gyti - Gali b\u016bti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Su\u017einokite, kas yra psichologin\u0117 ir raidos trauma, kaip atpa\u017einti simptomus, kokios pagalbos galimyb\u0117s ir ar \u012fmanoma nuo traum\u0173 i\u0161gyti.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/galibuti.lt\/ru\/\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433\/psichologine-trauma-kaip-atpazinti-simptomus-ir-ar-imanoma-isgyti\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Psichologin\u0117 trauma: kaip atpa\u017einti simptomus ir ar \u012fmanoma i\u0161gyti - 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